Discussion Points for Respiration
Questions and/or Comments From the Class



Student questions?

What is unclear in this chapter?

Are any additional minimovies needed?

Do any minimovies need to be modified or corrected?





Instructors Discussion Points


In Class Exercise







Have you memorized all the definitions for this chapter?

Where to autotrophs get their energy?

What do autotrophs do with energy once they harvest it?

What do autotrophs do with chemical energy?

Where to heterotrophs get their energy?

What do heterotrophs do with energy once they harvest it?

What do heterotrophs do with chemical energy?

What is the formal definition of cell respiration?

What are the three stages of cell respiration?

What does the word "glycolysis" literally mean?

In what types of organisms does glycolysis occur?

Summarize the process of glycolysis with 2 or three key points.

What does glycolysis produce?

How is molecular oxygen (O2) involved with glycolysis?

How is energy conserved during glycolysis?

How is NAD+ used during glycolysis?

What is NAD+?

Given any one of the 10 steps of glycolysis, can you identify steps where the cell is putting energy into the glycolytic pathway?

Given any one of the 10 steps of glycolysis, can you identify steps where the cell is taking energy out of the glycolytic pathway?

Can you explain the overall energy balance of the glycolytic pathway?

Can you list the starting and ending molecules of the glycolytic pathway?

What is the relationship between the Krebs Cycle, the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Citric Acid Cycle?

Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?

Draw a fully labeled cartoon of a mitochondrion.

Can you recognize a mitochondrion from an electron micrograph?

Can you recognize a mitochondrion from a fluorescent micrograph?

What is the function of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

What does the outer mitochondrial membrane contain?

What is the function of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

What does the inner mitochondrial membrane contain?

What is the relationship between F1, CF and the "knobs"?

What is the matrix and what occurs there?

What are the starting and ending molecules of the citric acid cycle?

Can you recognize the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase when you see it?

Can you identify the coenzymes used by pyruvate dehydrogenase?

Can you identify the substrates and products of pyruvate dehydrogenase?

Can you list all of the various "high energy" molecules produced during the Krebs Cycle?
 
Is pyruvate oxidation considered part of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle?

Do you know how C atoms enter the Citric Acid Cycle?

Do you know how C atoms leave the Krebs Cycle?

Can you follow the carbon skeletons through the Krebs Cycle?

When shown specific reactions, can you identify reactions where energy is being put into and being taken out of the Krebs Cycle pathway?

As the Krebs Cycle turns, what two coenzymes are used up?

How are the coenzymes used up by the Krebs Cycle regenerated?

What is the relationship between molecular oxygen and the Krebs Cycle?

What is the role of NAD+ and FAD in the Krebs Cycle?

How does the cell extract energy from NADH? FADH2?

How does the cell regenerate NAD+? FAD?

How does the cell get energy in the form of ATP?

Draw a cartoon summarizing the components of the electron transport chain and showing how electrons flow through the chain.

As electrons flow from NADH to molecular oxygen, what happens to protons?

What is the relationship between protons and H+ ions?

Can you recognize the structure of ubiquinone when you see it?

Shown a diagram of ubiquinone undergoing oxidation reduction reactions in the membrane, can you explain H+ pumping?

What is the function of the cytochrome bc1 complex?

What is the function of cytochrome oxidase?

What is the function of cytochrome c?

Which enzyme in the inner mitochondrial membrane most directly interacts with molecular oxygen?

What is unique about the electron transport component, succinate dehydrogenase relative to the Krebs Cycle?

Draw a cartoon of the inner mitochondrial membrane that illustrates oxidative phosphorylation.

Why is oxidative phosphorylation called "oxidative"?

Why is oxidative phosphorylation called "phosphorylation"?

What molecule is synthesized during oxidative phosphorylation?

Can you recognize "substrate level phosphorylation" when you see a reaction?

What source of energy does F1 use to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi?

What is chemiosmotic energy coupling?

How many ATPs does a cell get from one glucose molecule under aerobic conditions?

How efficient is the cell at recovering energy from glucose?

Can you explain how the efficiency is calculated?

Can you explain where all the ATP molecules come from?

What other molecules can be catabolized?

Besides doing catabolism to harvest energy, what else does the cell use glycolytic and Kreb Cycle intermediates for?